452 - にとどまらず
A sentence:
周さんは中華料理にとどまらず、パンや和菓子など、様々な種類の料理を作ることができる。
しゅう さん は ちゅうかりょうり に とどまらず、 パン や わがし など、 さまざまな しゅるい の りょうり を つくる ことができる。
Not only can Shu-san make Chinese food, but he can also make all kinds of other foods like breads and wagashi.
Literally: “Shu-san + は + Chinese cooking + にとどまらず, + bread + や + wagashi (=traditional Japanese confections) + など (=and so on), + varied + types / varieties + の + cooking / cuisine + を + make + can do.”
I want more friends like Shu-san. And I want them to invite me to their dinner parties.
Is that really so much to ask?
Let's talk about why he's great...
JLPT N1: にとどまらず
とどまる is one of those verbs that gives me a headache. The reason is that I always mix it up with とまる.
とまる, which has too many different kanji options, each with different nuances that we won't bother with here (止まる・留まる・停まる) means "to stop." For example, we use 止まる (とまる) to describe a train "stopping."
とどまる, on the other hand, means "to stay (a certain way); to remain." It can also mean "to be limited to; to be confined to."
This second meaning is the one we want to point out because our grammar form is using a negative form of とどまる, which is とどまらず, "not being limited to (something)."
We'll find ourselves translating it as "not only... but also..."
Earlier we saw that NOT ONLY does Shu-san cook Chinese food, BUT he ALSO can make all kinds of other things.
not only A, but also B
A にとどまらず, B.
Maybe we should look at the example sentence again...
周さんは中華料理にとどまらず、パンや和菓子など、様々な種類の料理を作ることができる。
しゅう さん は ちゅうかりょうり に とどまらず、 パン や わがし など、 さまざまな しゅるい の りょうり を つくる ことができる。
Not only can Shu-san make Chinese food, but he can also make all kinds of other foods like breads and wagashi.
Literally: “Shu-san + は + Chinese cooking + にとどまらず, + bread + や + wagashi (=traditional Japanese confections) + など (=and so on), + varied + types / varieties + の + cooking / cuisine + を + make + can do.”
Technically にとどまらず attaches to plain form words, including verbs and nouns.
Honestly, I wouldn't worry about it. Just don't go trying to attach にとどまらず to masu-form verbs or anything, and you should be fine.
Oh, also note that this is formal, written language.
Translation: You probably won't need to use にとどまらず yourself, but you should understand what it means when you come across it.
If you can make it through these long, somewhat complicated sentences, then you're probably well on your way to passing N1...
喫煙は肺だけにとどまらず、全身に害を及ぼす。
きつえん は はい だけ にとどまらず、 ぜんしん に がい を およぼす。
Smoking not only causes damage to the lungs, but to the entire body.
Literally: “smoking + は + lungs + only + にとどまらず, + whole body + に + harm + を + exerts / causes.”
駐禁切符を切られて逆上した直人は、悪態をつくにとどまらず、手当たり次第に物を壊し始めた。
ちゅうきん きっぷ を きられて ぎゃくじょう した なおと は、 あくたい を つく にとどまらず、 てあたりしだい に もの を こわし はじめた。
When Naoto lost it after receiving the parking ticket, he didn’t just use abusive language, he started breaking everything in sight.
Literally: “no parking + received a ticket (=ticket + を + was cut) (and) + went ballistic / blew up / became frenzied + Naoto + は, + call (a person) names / use abusive language + にとどまらず, + using anything one can lay one’s hands on + things + を + started breaking.”
Translating this sentence was kind of a nightmare, by the way. Too many idiomatic phrases:
切符を切る
きっぷ を きる
to punch a ticket
Literally: "ticket + を + cut."
For some reason the passive form of this means "to get a ticket:"
切符を切られる
きっぷ を きられる
to receive a ticket [citation]
Literally: "ticket + を + was cut."
Then we had:
悪態をつく
あくたい を つく
to call a person names; to curse; to talk smack; to use abusive language towards
Literally: "abusive language + を + つく."
Note: つく means a million things. I can't translate it. Also, one of my dictionaries really did say "talk smack" for this phrase, which I thought was kind of funny.
手当たり次第（に）
てあたりしだい（に）
using anything one can lay one's hands on; haphazardly; indiscriminately
Literally: "hand + hitting on + as soon as."
Note: Writing this literal breakdown was not easy.
Long story short, don't knock yourself up if you didn't understand this sentence on your first try:
駐禁切符を切られて逆上した直人は、悪態をつくにとどまらず、手当たり次第に物を壊し始めた。
ちゅうきん きっぷ を きられて ぎゃくじょう した なおと は、 あくたい を つく にとどまらず、 てあたりしだい に もの を こわし はじめた。
When Naoto lost it after receiving the parking ticket, he didn’t just use abusive language, he started breaking everything in sight.
Literally: “no parking + received a ticket (=ticket + を + was cut) (and) + went ballistic / blew up / became frenzied + Naoto + は, + call (a person) names / use abusive language + にとどまらず, + using anything one can lay one’s hands on + things + を + started breaking.”
入浴の目的は体を清潔にすることであるだけにとどまらず、健康や美容のためなども挙げられる。
にゅうよく の もくてき は からだ を せいけつ に する こと である だけ にとどまらず、 けんこう や びよう の ため など も あげられる。
The purpose of bathing is not only to become clean, but also to maintain one’s health, beauty, and so on.
Literally: “bathing + の + purpose / goal + は + body + を + clean / hygenic + に + do / make + thing + である + only + にとどまらず, + health + や + beauty + の + for the sake/good of (=ため) + and so on (=など) + も + can give (as examples).”
OK. You're good to go... assuming you didn't just skim through the whole thing at blazing speeds.
Not only should you look at every lesson, but you should also study it multiple times, testing your knowledge of the kanji, vocabulary, and grammar for each sentence.
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